- Do you need to register with HMRC for Money Laundering Regulations?
- How to register with HMRC for Money Laundering Regulations
- Applying for the fit and proper test
Applying for the fit and proper test
If you're registering with HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) under Money Laundering Regulations and your business is either a Money Service Business or a Trust or Company Service Provider, you'll have to apply for a 'fit and proper' test as part of the registration process.
The fit and proper test is a check to make sure that you and certain other people involved in running the business meet the requirements of the Money Laundering Regulations.
This guide explains what the fit and proper test is and who has to apply for it. It tells you how to apply for the test and what happens if anyone fails it. It also explains what to do when there are changes to the personnel of your business.
On this page:
- What is the fit and proper test?
- Who must apply for the fit and proper test?
- Completing the application form for the fit and proper test
- How the application process works
- Failure to pass the fit and proper test
- Personnel changes and fit and proper status
What is the fit and proper test?
The aim of the fit and proper test is to prevent unsuitable people from running a Money Service Business or a Trust or Company Service Provider. HMRC carries out these tests as part of the registration process.
HMRC uses information that they already hold and information from other sources to carry out the checks. If any of the applicants fails to pass the fit and proper test, HMRC will not register the business.
There's no need to apply for a fit and proper test every year. But if a new person joins a registered business they will have to take a fit and proper test if it applies to them.
Who must apply for the fit and proper test?
When you register your Money Service Business or Trust or Company Service Provider under the Money Laundering Regulations, you and anyone who controls the business must apply for a fit and proper test as part of the application process.
The regulations say that you must apply for a test if you are:
- the person applying to register the business and you're running the business either on your own or in partnership
- a person who can, or will be able to, direct the business - this includes directors and shadow directors, whether they're based in the UK or overseas
- a 'beneficial owner' of the business (you're a beneficial owner of a business if you own or control more than 25 per cent of it)
- a 'nominated officer' for the business - the nominated officer for a business is the money laundering reporting officer
In practice, this means that you'll have to apply for a fit and proper test if you're:
- the sole proprietor of the business
- a partner in the business
- a director of the business or a nominated officer
Some trustees have to apply for a test, as do shareholders who own or control more than 25 per cent of the shares or voting rights in the company.
Example
You're a shareholder in a company which operates as a Money Service Business. There are two other shareholders and you each own an equal number of shares. You apply to register the company under the Money Laundering Regulations. All three of you will have to apply for a fit and proper test because you each own more than 25 per cent of the shares in the company.
If you're a director as well as a shareholder, you'll have to apply for a test even if you own less than 25 per cent of the shares. This also applies to any other shareholder who is a director.
Completing the application form for the fit and proper test
You'll have to complete and sign form MLR101 to apply for a fit and proper test.
You can download form MLR101 and either complete the form on screen and then print it, or print it and fill it in by hand. Filling it in on screen is the recommended option.
Download form MLR101 (PDF 408K)
Download help notes for completing form MLR101 (PDF 105K)
You and anyone else in your business who is applying for a test must send their completed form to HMRC with a one-off fee. The fee is currently £50 for each applicant. Also include form MLR100 Application for Registration if you're applying to register the business under the Money Laundering Regulations. Send your application to:
MLR Registration Team
HM Revenue & Customs
7th Floor SW
Alexander House
21 Victoria Avenue
Southend-on-Sea
Essex
SS99 1AG
How the application process works
Once HMRC has received your application for a test they'll carry out various checks to make sure the information you've provided is correct. They'll check your information against their own records and against records kept by other regulatory authorities, government and law enforcement agencies, and commercial organisations.
If they want you to answer questions about your application, HMRC might ask you to visit one of their offices. They'll write to you to tell you where to go, and give you a date for the visit.
The fit and proper test is part of the registration process and HMRC will tell you within 45 days of receiving your application whether they will register your business or refuse to register it. If they ask for any extra information, the deadline for giving you their decision will be extended.
If you pass the test, HMRC will continue to monitor your fit and proper status in case your circumstances change and you no longer meet the requirements of the Money Laundering Regulations.
Failure to pass the fit and proper test
Who won't pass the fit and proper test?
You will fail the test if you:
- have been convicted of certain criminal offences
- are an undischarged bankrupt
- are disqualified from acting as a company director
- are subject to a confiscation order under the Proceeds of Crime Act
- have a track record of consistent non-compliance with the Money Laundering Regulations, or with the EU Payments Regulation which applies to money transmission service providers
- are otherwise unfit - for example if you have a conviction for a money laundering offence in another country
Find out about complying with the EU Payments Regulation
If one or more of the applicants from your business fail the fit and proper test, HMRC won't process your application for registration. They'll write to tell you their decision. If you don't agree with it you can appeal.
If the person who fails the test is the nominated officer, you can either:
- appoint someone else who already has fit and proper status as the nominated officer
- choose someone else to apply for the fit and proper test
If you're a sole proprietor and you fail the test, HMRC will not register your business. You have the right to appeal against HMRC's decision.
If HMRC refuses to register your business, you can't continue to trade while their decision is being reviewed.
Find out more about appealing against HMRC decisions
Personnel changes and fit and proper status
If a new person joins your business after you have registered under the Money Laundering Regulations, they might have to apply for a fit and proper test.
If the new person already has fit and proper status
A new person in your business might already have passed the fit and proper test when they worked for another Money Service Business or Trust or Company Service Provider. If they tell you that they've already passed the test you can ask HMRC to confirm this.
You should write to the MLR Registration Team giving the person's name, their address, and the MLR registration number of the business for which they were given fit and proper status. You'll find the address of the MLR Registration Team in the section above on completing the fit and proper test application form. The MLR Registration Team will write back and confirm whether the individual is on the list of fit and proper people.
If the person is already on the list, they won't need to re-apply for fit and proper status as long as their circumstances haven't changed so that they would no longer pass the test.
If the new person doesn't have fit and proper status
If a new person in your business needs fit and proper status but doesn't already have it they'll need to apply for the test in the normal way.
