SE42380 - Emoluments from offices and employments: basis of assessment - emoluments received after the death of an employee or office holder

Section 202A(3) ICTA 1988 and Section 37(3) FA 1989

When an employee or office holder dies, emoluments received (or if within Case III, received in the United Kingdom) after the date of death are treated as income of the personal representatives and not the income of the deceased. They are assessable on the personal representatives under the same Cases of Schedule E as would have applied to the employee or office holder. The emoluments will, of course, all have been earned in periods before the date of death even though they are assessable only on receipt.

If it is contended that an emolument cannot be attributed to any particular period during the lifetime of the deceased employee or office holder, see SE40005.

So it is the place where duties were performed and the residence and ordinary residence status of the employee when the emoluments were earned which counts. The residence position of the personal representatives at the time the emoluments are received (or, for Case III, received in the United Kingdom) is irrelevant.

In cases where an employee or office holder has died the employer will follow the instructions at page 16 of the Employers Further Guide to PAYE. By following those instructions the employer will account for tax in the following way

  • where payments are made in the tax year in which the employee died the employer will calculate the tax due using the tax code in use before the employee died
  • when payments are made in a tax year following that in which the employee died the employer will prepare a new deductions working sheet and will use code BR.

The statutory assessing position for emoluments received by personal representatives after the death of an employee or office holder is set out in SE42390. In many cases, adopting the statutory position would place an additional burden upon the personal representatives and family of the deceased but would not result in materially different overall tax liability. Sensible administrative procedures should be used in this type of case.

Normally, you can take the pay and tax shown on the deceased's P45 as received in the period before the date of death, and follow SE42410. However you should use the strict basis of assessment, and follow SE42390, in cases

  • where it is requested or
  • where you know that a substantial amount has been paid after the date of death. For these purposes a “substantial amount” means a sum in excess of £1,500.

The tax chargeable on the personal representatives is a debt due from and payable out of the deceased's estate.

As regards

  • the strict basis of assessment for the personal representatives of a deceased employee or office holder, see SE42390
  • the time limit for assessments on the personal representatives, see SE42400
  • the treatment of emoluments received up to the date of death, see SE42410.