PAYE13080 - coding: coding: general principles: married couples: date of marriage prior to 5 December 2005


There are special rules you need to follow when dealing with a husband or wife.

Specific areas where you need to take care include

  • Coding in the year of marriage
  • Transferring surplus allowances between spouses
  • Separation
  • Death of a spouse

Many of the rules that cover the treatment of married couples are given in the Independent Taxation (In) Handbook.

The remainder of this subject is presented as follows

Age related allowances

Coding for year of marriage

Death of either spouse

Form 18 elections

Jointly held assets

Married Couple's allowance

Provisional transfer of surplus allowances

Separation

Signals present when surplus allowances transferred

Transferring allowances between spouses

Age related allowances

Full instructions are included at PAYE10010 and at In410 onwards.

Note: Check if the wife is in an older age band than the husband for age related allowance purposes. If she is, review the age related allowances due to him. If reduced MAA or MAE is due for CY (the year of marriage) or CY+1, use COP Function CD to set the MCODE signal.

Coding for year of marriage

In the year of marriage the Married Couple's allowance due is reduced by one twelfth for each complete tax month before the date of marriage. When you have calculated the allowance due

  • Enter the amount in the ALLCES field of COP Function CD
  • Enter the date of marriage, in the SIGS etc field
  • Check if any other allowances or deductions need changing as a result of the marriage, for example, a bereavement benefit may no longer be due on remarriage

Death of either spouse

The death of a person's spouse will be a very trying time for them. You can help by being sympathetic and dealing with their tax affairs as quickly and efficiently as you can.

The Independent Taxation Handbook explains the effect on allowances in the year of death of either spouse. There is a summary at In956 - 957. You will also find information on dealing with deceased cases in the Assessment Procedures (AP) Manual at AP4344 onwards.

From April 2001, bereavement benefits have been payable to men and women. Details of these benefits are in the Employment Income (EIM) Manual at EIM76170 onwards.

Form 18 elections

Where a valid election is received take the following action.

  • Acknowledge the election on Form 18 (Acknowledgement). Address this to the wife if she has elected for half of the allowance or to the couple if it is a joint election
  • Using the information on Form 18 or COP Function TI, advise the spouse's office of the election details
  • Where this is a file case, file the election in the permanent notes folder
  • Where this is not a file case, use COP Function NO to make an Historical Note on the taxpayer record to include
    • Date of receipt of Form 18
    • Whether the election is for half or the full amount of the allowance
    • First year the election applies
    • Date Form 18 (Acknowledgement) and notification to spouses office sent

Transferred allowances are entered using the abbreviations MAW and WMA. Remember that

  • Except in the year of marriage, the only permitted entries are one half or the whole of the minimum of the Married Couple's allowance for the year
  • For the year of marriage, you may enter one half or the whole of the reduced Married Couple's allowance due only if the date of marriage is held on the record. At the same time you should enter the correct amount for CY+1
  • The amounts in the CY coding will be carried forward to CY+1 unless you enter a different amount

The presence of the PENAL signal does not prevent the granting of any allowance and neither MAA / MAE nor WMA should be withheld because a targeted review form, or the information asked on it, is outstanding.

Even if a Form 18 election is in force, either spouse can still transfer to the other spouse any surplus MAA or MAE. The Independent Taxation Handbook gives the detailed rules at In496 with examples at In510. Usually the notice will be given after the end of the year, when details of income are known.

Surplus Married Couple's allowance transferred to the wife is included in coding by entering WAA or WAE followed by the amount. Blind Person's allowance is entered using BPR.

Whenever a transfer of allowances is made there are certain signals that need to be set to make sure the case is reviewed. Further information is given at PAYE13082.

A Form 18 election cannot be withdrawn in-year even if the couple has separated

Jointly held assets

Married couples often have investments and bank accounts held in their joint names. Often it is hard to decide how to split the income between them. The general rule is that jointly held assets are split equally between spouses.

In certain circumstances they can ask to be taxed on their actual entitlement to income from the joint asset. To do this they need to make a `declaration'. They can do this on form 17 and you should issue this form if appropriate.

Make sure you advise the other spouse's office of any decisions you make. Full instructions on dealing with this type of income are at In115 onwards.

Married Couple's allowance

A man (but not a woman unless an election has been made for 2006-2007 onwards, see below) can claim the Married Couple's allowance for a year of assessment, if in that year

  • He is married

And

  • His wife lives with him

And

  • At least one of the spouses was born before 6 April 1935

For a couple who married before 5th December 2005, the husband will continue to receive married couple’s allowance. From tax year 2006-07 couples who married before 5 December 2005 will be able to elect instead for the spouse with the higher income to claim married couple’s allowance under the new rules. This rule change provides existing claimants with increased options. There is no financial advantage to be gained from this. Indeed it is possible the couple may reduce their overall entitlement to married couple’s allowance if the wife has a higher income and exceeds the age related income limit.

Under the old rules it is still the husband's NSI that determines if there is any reduction in the age-related level of this allowance even if part or all of the minimum amount of the allowance has been transferred to his wife.

An election for the new rules to apply from 2006/07 or later years, once made, cannot be revoked. An election must be made before the start of the first year for which it is to apply.

From 5th December 2005, civil partners will have similar rights and married couple’s allowance will be available to married couples and civil partners. From that date civil partnerships, and also new marriages, meeting the age criteria will, on claim from the spouse or civil partner with the higher income, receive the allowance. See PAYE13085.

Provisional transfer of surplus allowances

A husband's main source office may sometimes provisionally transfer a surplus of allowances to the wife's office.

In these cases

  • The main source office must confirm the figure each year
  • The wife's office must only continue a provisional transfer of surplus allowances if they have permission from the main source office

They are shown on the coding screen for

  • The husband's record as MAT
  • The wife's record as WAA or WAE

Separation

The breakdown of a marriage is likely to be a difficult time for both the husband and the wife. Try to sort out the taxation problems connected with it as quickly and sympathetically as you can.

When a couple first separate you will need to find out the facts such as, when they separated and new addresses. In some cases you may also need to establish, who has responsibility for any children or maintenance arrangements. If you do not have the information you should send a letter if necessary.

The Relief Instructions (RE) Manual give full instructions at RE1040 onwards. Also the Independent Taxation Handbook gives a summary of the effect on allowances in the year of separation at In953.

Signals present when surplus allowances transferred

MAT set on a married man’s record when Married Couple's allowance is transferred to the wife, means that the husband will get a Form 575 (T) each year.

POTA set when a wife has no record and her Blind Person's allowance is transferred to her husband. Add an Essential Note `POTA WIFE'S BPR IN CODE'.

MCODE set where a husband's Blind Person's allowance is transferred to his wife. Add an Essential Note `MCODE BPR TRANSFERRED TO WIFE'.

MCODE set where a wife's code includes her husband's Blind Person's allowance and NRH is set. Add an Essential Note `MCODE HUSBAND'S BPR IN CODE'.

MCODE and POTA set where a wife's Blind Person's allowance is transferred to her husband. Add an Essential Note `MCODE/ POTA BPR TRANSFERRED TO HUSBAND'.

575HUS and NRH set where a wife's code includes her husband's Married Couple's allowance and he has no record, means that the husband will get a form 575 (T) each year.

Transferring allowances between spouses

In certain circumstances you can transfer allowances between the spouses.

To the wife from the husband

An election can be made for the wife to receive one half, or the whole, of the basic Married Couple's allowance. This is regardless of the level of the husband's income. However, the age related additions cannot be transferred.

An election is made on Form 18 and remains in force until amended or withdrawn. The Independent Taxation Handbook gives full instructions at In470 onwards.

Any surplus of the Married Couple's allowance or husband's Blind Person's allowance which is unused, because the husbands income is too low, can be transferred to the wife if the husband gives notice that he wants to do this. Form 575 is the designated form for giving notice. However it is not compulsory and a letter can be accepted. Full instructions are given at

  • In480 onwards for transfer of Married Couple's allowance
  • In690 onwards for transfer of Blind Person's allowance

From the wife to the husband

Any surplus of the wife's share of Married Couple's allowance, transferred through an election on Form 18, but which is unused because her income is too low, can be given back to the husband.

Any surplus of the wife's Blind Person's allowance unused because her income is too low, can be transferred to the husband.