CA23510 - PMA: Cars: Outline: meaning of car and qualifying hire car

CAA01/S81 & S82

WDAs on most cars are restricted to an annual amount of £3,000. The allowances on the car have to be calculated separately so that the restriction can be applied. This is done by putting the expenditure on the car into a separate pool CA23520. Where a person makes a contribution towards the cost of a car, the £3,000 limit is divided between the person making the contribution and the recipient CA23520. There is anti-avoidance legislation that stops a person creating a balancing allowance by selling a car to a connected person for a nominal amount CA23540.

For PMA purposes a car is a mechanically propelled vehicle except a vehicle:

  1. constructed in such a way that it is primarily suited for transporting goods of any sort, or
  2. of a type which is not commonly used as a private vehicle and is not suitable for use as a private vehicle.

Treat a car that is capable of being used as a private vehicle as a car for PMA purposes no matter how the taxpayer actually uses it (Roberts v Granada TV Rental Ltd 46TC295).

Do not treat the following vehicles as cars for PMA purposes:

  • a car that it is illegal for a taxpayer to use as a private vehicle even if the taxpayer sometimes uses it as a private vehicle (Gurney v Richards 62TC87);
  • cars used by a driving school and fitted with dual control mechanisms (Bourne v Auto School of Motoring (Norwich) Ltd 42TC217);
  • emergency vehicles. A vehicle equipped with a fixed blue flashing light on the roof which can only be used on the road by a fire officer or police officer is an emergency vehicle.

There is guidance on number plates at CA21250.

The cars legislation does not apply to qualifying hire cars. A qualifying hire car is a car that is provided wholly or mainly for hire to, or the carriage of, members of the public in the ordinary course of a trade, and satisfies one of these three conditions:

1, It is not normally hired to, or used for the carriage of, the same person for:

  • 30 or more consecutive days, or
  • 90 or more days in total in any 12-month period.

Treat connected persons as the same person when you apply this test.
Example A car that is hired to Johnny from 10 February to 8 March, his daughter, Roseanne, from 1 April to 27 April, Johnny from 5 May to 31 May and Roseanne again from 1 September to 25 September is not a qualifying hire car. Johnny and Roseanne are connected and between them they have had the car on hire for more than 90 days in a 12-month period.

2, It is provided for hire to a person who uses it in such a way that the conditions in 1 are satisfied. Cars that are hired to a limited range of customers, such as employees of persons connected with the owner do not satisfy this condition.

3, It is a car provided for the disabled. A car provided for the disabled is a car provided wholly or mainly for use by people receiving certain types of disability living allowance or a mobility supplement. In more detail, the cars that are in this category are cars provided wholly or mainly for people receiving:

  • a disability allowance under the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992 or its Northern Ireland equivalent because of entitlement to the mobility supplement;
  • a War Pensions mobility supplement; or
  • a mobility supplement.