Business Economic Notes

Hairdressers

These notes are issued to Inspectors of Taxes to assist them in examining accounts. They are intended to provide a general background to the trade, with some explanation of its most important features. Business Economic Notes are not intended to provide an exhaustive or definitive picture of any particular trade or profession.

Contents

1. General

2. The hairdressers

3. The salon

4. Tools of the trade

5. Services

6. Ancillary services

7. Ancillary sales

8. Wages

9. Advertising

10. Records

Appendices

Appendix 1- In salon training and craft schools

Appendix 2 - Example of hairdressers calendar of events

1 General

These notes are intended to provide an insight into the world of hairdressing and enable a better appreciation of the trade. Unlike the retailer of goods, the hairdresser stands or falls by the degree of professional expertise and artistry provided within a suitable ambience. His/her own personability and flair and that of the staff, all go towards making a successful business. Allied to this is the need to create an attractive and comfortable setting, whether it be a small `corner-shop' type salon or a modern shopping precinct unit. There are, of course, still a substantial umber of utility hairdressers, making a steady and reasonable living from attending to the normal, run of the mill, needs of clients requiring a shampoo and trim or the occasional perm or colour rinse.

Like the traditional barber shop, it is now this category of hairdressers who are most at risk. Gradually, they are finding themselves edged out of the trade. Some see the light and make some attempt to gear up to the demands of today's fashion conscious population. Others, may feel that their only way ahead, is to keep prices at competitive levels and thereby hold or attract new custom. This is a short-term solution, at best, as holding prices means holding wages, which in turn leads to poor service and staff resignations. Cheaper and under-qualified staff are employed and inevitable, the salon is on the road to unprofitability and eventual closure.

Despite the pressures of DIY products retailing there is a fairly wide client spectrum. Demand for good imaginative hairdressing, from both men and women, is at its highest.

A hairdresser, with his/her finger on the fashion pulse, should have little difficulty in running a successful business. This is why despite the failure, new salons keep springing up. There are now approximately 30,000 + businesses in England, Wales and Scotland (of which only 10% are part of chains) and the vast majority of these make a god living from their professions.

2 The hairdresser

Traditionally, hairdressers learn their craft by becoming an apprentice, preferably with a master hairdresser. Apprenticeships usually last three years, during which time, apart from learning the craft, attention must also be paid to obtaining professional qualifications, usually the City and guilds of London Institute Certificate. There is now a single standard examination, recognised throughout the trade and this is the two-stage CGLL. This may be followed up by a more advanced qualification, for example the Guild of Hairdressers' General Certificate. A full-time course can be taken as an alternative to Apprenticeship. Full-time courses usually last two years, but students are required to gain a year's practical experience, as well.

The Youth Training Scheme (YTS) has enabled hairdressers to offer more apprentice places. The one-year scheme provided payments to YTS Managing Agents of £2,082.50 pa and payments to be made to trainees were $26.25 a week. A new two-year scheme has been introduced, under which the agent receives £4,000 for the period and is required to pay the trainee £27.30 per week for the first year and £35 per week for the second year. Recently there has also been growth in the number of commercial training establishments and some hairdressers themselves have created their own commercial training facilities, usually in the evenings.

Many hairdressers are also now using `in-salon' training schemes as an alternative to providing staff with day-release facilities. `In-salon' training is an option offered by commercial enterprises and some top salons. They send their experienced tutors to train staff in the salon. In this way, work can continue as normal, all the staff can be trained together and the salon owner can see exactly how they are being trained. Costs for `in-salon' training run from approximately £75 - £200 a day. It is not interrupted as would be the case if staff had to attend day-release courses. Another useful spin-off for the proprietor is that he can being himself up to date on new techniques and design ideas (See Appendix I `in-salon' training and craft schools).

For the trained hairdresser, there are a number of craft schools and specialised seminars that he can attend, in order to keep up to date and learn new techniques. Additionally specialised Video Films are also available, prepared by leading salons, these can be purchased at a reasonably modest cost. (See Appendix 2 - Hairdressers Calendar of Events.)

Reputation, is very important to a good hairdresser and during the early part of his/her career and even during the latter part of a training period, he/she will be keeping an eye on winning as many awards as possible, in the many commercially sponsored Hairdressing and Stylists competitions - (See Appendix 2 - Calendar of Events).

The goal of most stylists is to have their own salon and generally they can achieve this within 10-15 years following initial training. Stylists who get married and find their profession takes second place to raising a family can still run a lucrative business as a home hairdresser.

3 The salon

Everyone is familiar with the external and internal appearance of the hairdressing salon. A salon is more than merely a hairdressing workshop, it is an extension of the proprietor's flair and personality. The style of the salon will set the tone for the sort of service the owner wishes to offer and the price likely to be charged.

Basically, the salon consists of

reception and waiting area

working area

drying and finishing facility

staff room

store rooms.

Modern salon refitting styles now place greater accent on space efficiency, providing compact stylists units, with all equipment and facilities within finger-reach. Compact refits can release additional space within the salon for, say, beauty treatments or retail sales.

4 Tools of the trade

In few industries are the tools of the trade as closely allied to the finished effect as in hairdressing

Scissors

The cost important aspect of hairdressing is the technique of cutting and a pair of scissors in the right hands can produce outstanding results.

Hairdressing scissors come in all shapes and sizes, each one carefully developed and adapted for a specific task. A good pair of scissors should be light, well balanced, sharp, have the right tension, with low cutting noise. Prices can range from

£8 - £100 or more.

Traditionally, the ordinary sharp pointed scissors which come in a variety of sizes are still an irreplaceable tool. The late sixties saw the development of thinning scissors, basically used for taking out weight and preserving length and root volume. More recently, the latest cutting styles which create a texturised look, have brought about the development of point-cut scissors. The scissors have a castellated edge and look like a normal pair of scissors, with a blunt nose and half moon cut-outs along both edges of the blade. These scissors enable hair to be cut in contrasting lengths thus giving the required texture finish and movement in the finished hair style.

Razors

The short cropped textured look for men and women has indirectly also brought about the resurgence of the razor and clippers (both manual and electric). Some hairdressers have deliberately created a pseudo barber style section in their salons.

Combs

The cheapest implement in the hairdresser's hands, they again have been developed and adapted to changing styling techniques. The different types of combs used by a hair stylist are

traditional comb

tail comb

styling, dressing and pin tail comb

weaver comb (designed for weaving out meshes when high lighting)

mousse comb (basically an applicator for mousses and gels)

afro-comb.

Brushes

They come in a bewildering array of shapes and sizes, each one designed and developed for a specific style or technique and made in a variety of materials, the most common being vulcanite rubber and tough plastics, designed to withstand heat as well as resist chemicals. The brush, in its many derivatives, has to some extent replaced the comb as the hairdresser's aid, in many of the new styling and colouring techniques.

Basically brushes fit into three categories

traditional brush flat round or semi-round

blow styling brushes

vent back brushes (to help the airflow when blow-drying).

Drying equipment

Hair dryers are slowly moving away from the slow drying cumbersome hood contraptions, a long familiar sight in hairdressing salons. Today's professional demands efficient electrical equipment, which is not only energy and labour saving, but its also elegant enough to match the up to date furniture designs available. Whilst new styling demands have increased the popularity of the hand held blow dryer, the average salon usually opts for a mixture of hand held and modern hood equipment. Multi-purpose dryers are more useful as apart from normal drying and blow drying, they can be used to process tints and perms as well as for styling and conditioning.

Drying is an essential part of styling. Most modern styles require different drying techniques to achieve the desired results. New acid chemicals with low Ph * resistance, for waving and perming, require precise temperatures and drying times; careful control and supervision is therefore required. There are now `new-technology' drying systems which provide highly accurate and precise results. Heat applicators, as they are now called are fully computerised and drastically cut supervision time.

Computerised conventional hood and steamers are also available, incorporating re-cycled air systems, precise temperature controls, digital time display and memory bank button.

Whilst being innovative and trendy, hi-tech machines do produce better results and cut supervision time, releasing the stylist for work on a new customer, thus increasing efficiency.

Chair

Hairdressers chairs usually come in a tough vinyl covering and have either adjustable swivel facility or hydraulic height adjusters. The average chair costs around £100 and there are different designs basically for

styling

backwash

drying

Smaller salons will usually have one multipurpose chair for all functions.

Laundry

Busy salons need a constant and reliable supply of clean gowns and towels.

There are several ways to ensure this supply

laundry and linen service

home laundry

using the local launderette

installing a small commercial laundry centre.

The commercial washer and dryer is the best option. They can be installed in a convenient space at the back of the salon and solve the linen problem efficiently and at low cost. Machines specially designed for salons, can be leased for around £8 a week which includes free service and repairs.

*Ph - measures of acidity or alkalinity of a solution, indicating reaction level on human skin and hair.

5 Services

Salons will usually advertise the basic range of hair treatments and prices, for example

shampoo and cut - £7.50

shampoo and set - £6.00

cut, shampoo and blow dry - £10.00

perm - from £15.00

colouring - from £12.00

Within the set tariff, prices are variable depending on range of services required, the style and length of hair. An experienced stylist knows the basic prices and costs out the customer requirements accordingly, taking into account the many variables, the style and degree of difficulty. Estimates are seldom given before a treatment commences although the customer can get a rough idea from the tariff guide. Hairdressing being something of an art form, costings, apart from straightforward services, appear to be made on a basis of what has been done and how difficult it was rather than ona simple time-costing.

The services offered can be categorised basically as

washing and drying

cutting and styling

conditioning

perming

bleaching and colouring

Whilst a more in depth knowledge of hairdressing technology is not required for the purpose of these notes, it is probably useful to give some idea of the particular aspects of drying, conditioning, perming and colouring.

Drying

Drying hair is more than just removing moisture from the hair. Drying techniques have developed as an integral part of creating a style and these are some of the standard applications.

  • towel drying - excess moisture is gently squeezed from hair and patted dry
  • mitt dry - a towelling mitt is used to dry hair
  • natural drying - as term implies hair is left to dry naturally
  • lamp dry - hair dried by use of infra-red lamps
  • finger dry - hair is worked with finger while drying, for a gently tousled effect
  • diffuse drying - a diffuser is attached to dryer, which breaks up the warm air stream without disarranging the style
  • directional hair is dried into shape of the cut drying
  • gravity drying - also known as upside down drying. Customer bends head forward and hair is dried against the growth. This technique gives extra root lift
  • stretch drying - roots are blow dried leaving ends to dry naturally
  • power drying - full force of air is used to push hair into place and to create additional root lift and hair movement
  • palm/rotation - the flat of palm is placed on scalp and rotary drying gently rotated. This gently matts hair at roots and supports long lengths
  • scrub/tangle - brush is scrubbed back and forth at roots drying whilst drying. It is another version of back combing and gives hair extra volume.
  • Scrunch drying - hair is scrunched into a ball and hot air aimed at centre. This technique is used on layered hair and gives movement.

Conditioning

In-salon treatments and sale of after care hair conditions is the fastest growing area in the hair care sector. More and more people go to a hairdresser for professional treatment of for advice and purchase of compatible products.

In order to understand the techniques of conditioning some background information is essential.

The raw material

The average scalp has between 90-140,000 hairs on it. Each one is made upof 70-80% protein, 0.1-0.5% minerals, 3-6% Lipids or fats, a mere 0.1% colour pigments, 10-15% water and 0.1-0.5% carbohydrates.

What hair looks like close-up

Each hair has an outer cuticle section, an inner cortex and a core called the medulla.

The surface of the cuticle is not completely smooth but consists of tiny overlapping scales, like a fish's. When the hair is healthy the scales lie flat, reflecting light, so the hair appears to shine and feels silky.

When is hair out of condition?

The scales are vulnerable to rough treatment. When subject to artificial heat from rollers, tongs or driers, to chemical processes like perming, bleaching and tintingor to the assaults of sun, sea and sand, they break away unevenly, refuse to lie flat and smooth and so lose their ability to reflect light, the hair looks dull and lifeless.

Additionally broken hair scales tend to lock together and tangle the hair badly when it is wet.

Conditioning therefore performs two basic functions

Protects hair surface and treats the outer cuticle

Penetrates and feeds the inner cortex.

Surface conditioners, applied when hair has been washed and then rinsed off, leave behind a barrier to smooth hair surface and protect against the elements.

Deep penetrating products contain emollients and protein builders for the inner hair and require heat to help them sink into the hair shaft.

Perming

Hairdressers did some 15.7 million perms in the first eight months of 1985, according to statistics compiled by the Toiletries and Cosmetics Purchasing Index. Whatever the hair fashion, demand still continues since the start of the perm boom in 1977.

Whilst better quality and safer home perms are now available, the hairdresser still holds a substantial share of the perm market primarily due to his professional skill in treatment application and style creativity.

There are two types of perming agent in use

Alkali perms

The traditional and still the most effective method of curling hair but also the riskiest. Alkali perms have on average a Ph of 7.7-9 (on the acid/alkaline scale). The higher the Ph, the more risk of damage. Hair shafts tend to swell when exposed to high alkaline levels and great care is required in judging the amount of application, time of treatment and drying temperature.

Acid waves

Perming reaction takes place at a much lower Ph level and this type of product is more suitable for delicate or damaged hair.

There are a number of products on the market in both alkaline and acid formulae. Some have added ingredients to control chemical penetration or to help maintain natural water balance and hair condition.

The hairdresser with knowledge of clients hair condition will be able to choose the right type of perming agent to produce the desired result with minimal hair damage.

Colouring

Permanent colouring is a technique best left to the professional. Experience and skill is required in mixing ingredients to obtain the required colour and shade together with care in using bleaching additives, to guard against scalp damage. Hairdressers need to assess scalp sensitivity and hair condition. They usually do sample tests about 24 hours before any treatment, to check reaction on hair and scalp.

As can be seen from today's fashions, there are many variations in hair colour and high lighting. Colouring is a fairly time consuming task, taking into account application and development time, the latter also requires fairly close supervision. It is still a relatively expensive treatment and despite being labour intensive, carries a handsome profit margin.

6 Ancillary services (hair and beauty)

1985 saw a rise in popularity in fashion wigs. Todays wigs and hair pieces are usually made from acrylic fibres and come in a variety of styles and colours. The current trend is for wigs to be design cut and styled to suit the individual client's requirements and this of course means more business for the hairdresser.

Ear piercing

More and more hairdressers are now providing this service usually complementing modern hair fashions, which with shorter and more geometric styles, put ears very much on show again.

Very minimal training is required for ear piercing. Full kits including ear piercing guns and full sets of individual sterilised earring posts and earrings complete with sterilised swabs are available. Whilst there is a large range of earrings available, the most popular stud is still the plain gold variety and retail prices range from £5-£10.

Eye lashes and brow permanent tinting of lashes and brows to match a change in hair

Tinting colour is a high profit making service for any beautician or hairdresser, because only the minimum amount of time, labour and ingredients are needed. Treatments cost on average about £2-£2.50, net ingredients about 25p-and take about 5-15 minutes.

For the client the benefits of tinting are also numerous. Apart from changing colour, it makes lashes appear longer and more attractive. The tinting is also colour fast and stays effective until it grows out naturally over a period of about 6 weeks.

Skin care and facials The skin care market has come a long way in the past 10 years and so have salon facials. The range of treatment is wide, from the simplest basics (cleanse, tone and nourish) to iontophoresis (using galvanic current for deep cleansing and hydration). Generally the trend in salons is away from equipment to the use of a more skilful massaging techniques combined with the use of specially formulated skin care preparations.

Most salon facials include some form of massage. Massage helps the circulation and brings blood to the surface of the skin, to improve tone, texture and colour. It encourages cellular regeneration and helps maintain the skin's correct oil and fluid balance.

The use of facemasks is also a popular treatment. The most up to date and also the most expensive masks are usually a film of polymerised collagen which comes in sheet form, each one in an individual sterilised pack. The sheet is placed on the face, moistened with a special lotion and left until it is gradually absorbed into the skin. A course of treatments usually consists of an application per week for a period of 5-6 weeks. Each treatment usually costs an average £30-40. The hairdresser can purchase the masks in packs of 10 for around £245.

The more traditional paste masks which dry and harden on the face are somewhat cheaper. These come in the form of powders containing various minerals and are mixed with water into a paste and applied to the face. The minerals react with the water causing the mixture to gently heat up as it dries out, eventually hardening into a shell-like mask. A cream or gel is usually first massaged into the face and the warmth generated by the mask helps the ingredients to penetrate and work at their most effective, to cleanse, soften and hydrate the skin.

Suntanning services It is estimated that there are over a million sunbeds currently in use in Europe and for the hairdresser, providing this service, can be an excelling way of boosting profits.

Equipment that reproduces sunlight, both the infrared and ultra violet rays, has been in use for a long time. There are basically two types of lamps in use

UV-A - producing the cosmetic tanning rays in the ultra

violet spectrum with low UVB output (infra red burning rays)

UV-B - producing a higher and faster tanning capability

but with a higher UVB output, increasing risk of skin burn.

The UV-A lamps are the safest and most popular and normally have a UV-B emission of 0.5% or under.

The latest sunbeds are now fitted with R-UVA lamps which are claimed to be a break through in sun-bed technology. The `R' stands for reflector, the reflector bieng inside the lamp, concentrating the energy in the preferred direction for greater efficiency and also, it is claimed, providing a high intensity of UV-A output.

Sufficient space is required for a sun-bed. Some manufacturers claim that an area of 45 sq ft will be sufficient. In practical terms, allowing for some breathing space and the need to provide privacy and also to avoid over heating, a much lager space will be required.

Additional points which a hairdresser will have to bear in mind are

adequately trained staff for control of equipment and customer safety

provision of changing and washing facilities, usually at least a shower cubicle

provision of a supply of extra towels and bath robes

compliance with any local council By-Laws concerning premises and safety standards. There are no fixed criteria and regulations vary from `no controls' to stringent standards concerning space, facilities, staff and fire precaution.

A normal session lasts for 30 minutes and a full course comprises 10 sessions. Average prices can range from £3-£5 per session with slightly cheaper rates for a full course. In off-season months, prices are substantially lower and a full course may be offered at half price.

A single sunbed can as a maximum be capable of being used for 75 sessions in a 5-day week but as a comfortable average around 50 sessions would perhaps be more realistic.

The prices of sunbeds range from£900-£15,000 but medium quality beds will perhaps be in the £1,500-£5,000 range. Running costs at maximum usage including repairs and bulb replacement is around £7.50 a week.

Hair removal Removal of hair (Epilation or Depilation) either on a temporary basis with the use of wax treatments or permanently with electrolysis or by use of hair growth retardants is a service which all beauty salons offer and is also provided by hairdressers offering a range of beauty treatments.

It can be a highly profitable pat of a salon's services. The necessary equipment takes up very little space and clients will return regularly every six weeks for waxing and every week or so, if they are undergoing a course of electrolysis.

Hot wax heaters ranging in capacity from 1½ litres to 9½ litres, cost from £35-£230. Wax is available under different brand names and average cost is about £6.50 for 1lb, which is sufficient for 25 pairs of half-leg waxes.

There is now a trend towards cool wax treatments and in fact, hot wax is banned in most USA states as being a health hazard. Cool wax is applied straight from the contain and a kilo jar (approximately 2.2lbs) is sufficient for 20 pairs of half-leg waxes at an average cost of £11.

Short-wave diathermic or galvanic current units or blend machines, which combine short wave diathermy with galvanic current in one unit, are used for permanent hair removal. The hair follicle is cauterised by electrolysis, the current being conducted by the tweezers or by find needles inserted directly into the follicle.

The treatment is slow and used mainly for removal of unwanted facial hair. Apart from capital costs, machines can cost around £155-£195, running costs are minimal, unless of course disposable needles are used, when costs will be slightly higher.

Use of hair retardants is a more expensive method of permanent hair removal. Normally a course of 12 treatments over a period of 18 months is required and even then the treatment is not £100 successful. Patches of hair may re-appear requiring further treatment. Applications cost around £9 per treatment and material costs around £4.50.

Nail care treatment The basic manicure service comprises cutting, shaping and smoothing of nails, removal of cuticles, polishing and enhancing nail definitions. Additionally, other services such as application of nail hardeners and strengtheners, nail extensions and fitting of false nails, may be offered.

The service is highly profitable both in terms of low material and labour time. A normal treatment takes about 20 minutes and average charges around £5. Additionally, there is the opportunity to sell other nail and hand care products and varnishes to the client.

7 Ancillary sales

The sale of products directly complementing the services the hairdresser offers, can be a lucrative method of expanding profits, whilst providing a comprehensive service.

The hairdresser can offer a more personalised service with advice on product suitability and for the client, provide more re-assurance than by purchasing `off-the shelf products in a large store.

Ancillary sales can include

hair care products

skin car products

perfumes and make-up

sun tan products

nail care products

earrings and jewellery

Profit margins can be high and on average it should not be difficult to achieve a gross profit margin of around 45-50% over the range of products sold.

Another way of promoting sales is to stock own label products; labels carry a personalised logo and the salon's name and address. Large quantities will need to be purchased in order to obtain own brand facilities.

Hairdressers seem to show a reluctance to expand retail sales operations. A survey conducted by `The Hairdresser' (Trade Magazine) in 1985 revealed that although 70% of salons offer some kind of retail service, with takings accounting for about 1% of total business only 3% of salons ran a sizeable retail operation, where business accounted for more than 20% of turnover.

8 Wages

Wages in the hairdressing industry have for some time been the lowest in the country. In 1982, the Low Pay unit investigated the position and made the following recommendations

a pay rise of around 40% was required to bring operatives up to comparative levels in other industries

the age at which an adult wage was paid should be reduced to 18

London weighting to be restored to 10% of the `all workers rate', as opposed to the existing £1 differential in weekly pay

Annual holidays to be raised from 15 to 20 days for all workers

The full `qualified' rate to be paid after completion of the three-year apprenticeship period, as against the present 5 years.

Since then, there have been some improvements in pay and conditions but they are still far short of the 1982 recommendations.

In 1985 the wages council awarded a 6% pay rise and new rates of pay based on a 40 hour week were

Manager/Manageress - £93

Chargehand - £77.50

Apprentice - £32.25

Senior Apprentice - £52.00

1st year Operative Hairdresser - £62.50

2nd year - £67.50

3rd year £72.75

Clerk, receptionist, manicurist, sales assistant,

Cashier, clerical assistant

Under 20 - £47.70

Over 20 £60.00

All other workers

Under 20 £41.90

Over 20 £53.25

It is true that wages can be made up to some extent by commission schemes and gratuities. Commission schemes, usually in medium to large salons, can be as high as30% of the gross weekly takings of the individual hairdresser. Where commission schemes are in operation the hairdresser has to maintain individual records of work done, so that commission payments can be accurately calculated.

Hairdressing is, of necessity, labour intensive and wages can account for on average, about 50% of turnover excluding ancillary sales and services. Hairdressing also suffers from seasonal trends and to cope with peaks in demand casual staff may have to be employed, whereas at other times there may be not enough work to keep permanent staff fully employed.

To combat the labour cost inefficiencies caused by peaks and troughs a new trend emerging for a contract hairdresser to be employed. Chairs are rented out to a sub-contractor who gets sole rights to the chair and in return pays the proprietor

An agreed proportion of takings to cover rent and overheads and

A service charge to cover materials and labour assistance.

9 Advertising

Apart from large establishments, hairdressers tend to spend little on direct advertising and normally feel that reputation spread by `word of mouth' recommendations is sufficient to build up a good business direct advertising. If any, is done very much on a local basis usually via local newspapers or short adverts at local cinemas.

Cinema commercials are usually 15 seconds in length and are purchased on a contract basis to give an average showing of 3 per day for 7 days for a certain number of weeks. The cost of producing a completely new cinema commercial is normally beyond the means of most salons. Major cinema advertising contractors hold libraries of commercials featuring a wide range of businesses and they can be personalised to suit individual requirements.

Commercial Radio adverts are also a good way of obtaining local media coverage at a relatively low cost and are a good means of obtaining coverage in a large town.

Points of sale advertising provides an opportunity to promote a salon with a window display, retailing, counter-promotion etc. Displays can range from a few inexpensive posters or cards in the window to either an illuminated, animated display or a video spelling out a message on a TV screen.

10 records

These usually comprise

Appointment book - recording date and time of customers appointment and short note on service

Work slips - prepared by each stylist and Recording work done and customer charges

Cash receipts book

Petty cash books

Wages book

Purchases and sales ledgers

Bank statements

Supporting vouchers etc.

Work slips are used to reconcile takings and also calculate any bonus payments. Usually they are only preserved for a few weeks and then destroyed. Appointment books, as a rule, are retained with normal records.

Appendix 1 - In salon training

MOMOFIBRE

Monofibre, of hair extension fame, offer in-salon extension workshops. Based round units of three people, the workshops are supervised by Antenna, the creators f the hair extension. They will explain and demonstrate the uses of extensions, and the different effects that can be created. Emphasis is on commercial application, and the use of extensions to create the top fashion images. The course grew out of the DIY extension Sunday course, also available, and costs £195 for a group of trainees per day.

GRAHAM WEBB

For the hairdresser wanting to make more money, the Graham Webb artistic team has in-salon teach-ins geared towards `increasing pound volume'. The team available for teaching on any day of the week, or for full evening sessions, begins with pre-course discussions with the salon. The team will then gear their teaching to the particular needs of the salon staff. A salon can book the team all to themselves, or share the cost with another salon. Prices vary from £300 to £1,000 according to the size of the training team and duration of tuition.

JOSHUA GALVIN

For £75 a day, Joshua Galvin offers an observation course, in his own salon. It allows the observer to see exactly how a business is run. People have the opportunity to chat and exchange ideas with the styling and technical team, and to ask questions.

GINGER GROUP

The Ginger Group's in-salon training starts when they send in their `Tigers'. A specially trained team, the `Tigers' are tailored to meet a salon's individual requirements. They prepare their arrival with a local advertising campaign, and training can last from one to four weeks. During the period of training clients can book appointments with their usual stylists, and the Tigers, giving the staff the opportunity to watch and learn, and receive help with their own technique. After-hours teach-ins are available on request covering any area the staff wish. They have a special six day package, involving one day's salon experience. Workshops, slide shows and lectures covering basic cutting to problem hair complete the programme.

365 DAY HAIRDRESSING

Every three months 365 Day hairdressing members are invited on a two day course covering all aspects of developing and running a successful salon. The course is entitled Business Builders. With each course a section of the Business Builders manual is given to building up a comprehensive record for future reference.

For non-members there is a course given an insight into salon marketing and budgeting. It is designed to show salons, through practical examples, how to prepare cash flows, profit, loss and income budgets.

BURLINGTONS

Despite many requests. Burlington have not opened a school and prefer to concentrate on In-salon teach-ins, seminars and shows. Organised in a personal manner. Burlingtons prefer to talk directly to the individual or organisers to ensure that the day (or days) planned are structured so that the participants derive maximum benefit, as needs can vary from company to company, and country to country. Prices vary but an in-salon teach-in in Great Britain starts at around £250 plus all expenses. Burlingtons can provide video and slides, to break up the day and make it more enjoyable.

PETER COLLINGE

Peter Collinge has been involved in seminars for 15 years, and offers two variations of `in-salon' training. A tutor can be sent to work with staff for four days, and give detailed demonstrations on the latest techniques. Alternatively, staff can be given the opportunity to take part in a practical session in the afternoon, working on their own models under the supervision of the tutor. The cost of an in-salon tutor for one day is £300 plus VAT.

TREVOR SORBIE

The Trevor Sorbie salon has an artistic team that will visit the salon to give lectures demonstrations and hand to hand tuition. They will deal with groups from eight to forty people and prices vary according to the distance of the location and the numbers attending.

Craft Schools

ALAN INTERNATIONAL
54 Knightsbridge, London SW1
Tel: 020 7235 3131

THERE are four schools and the Studio (all in London). Courses at the schools are for individual students and cover those for beginners as well as post-graduate refresher and advanced ones. Topics deal with all aspects of hairdressing. Content includes cutting, colouring, perming, high-fashion work and combines lectures and demonstrations (often using visual aids) with practical work. Prices from £165 (one-week advanced cutting) to £2,755 (38 weeks combined beginner's diploma post-graduate finishing school course). Courses at the Studio in the Strand are individually designed for groups of 10 or more people. Duration of the course is flexible, as are the topics covered. Cost per person, per day is £36 (plus VAT); £33 plus VAT for 20 or more people.

AMASTON SCHOOL OF HAIRDRESSING

18 George Street, Croydon, Surrey
Tel: 020 7686 5575

WIDE syllabus that takes in beginner's, advanced, colouring and perming and ethnic (Afro and Asian hair) as well as a series of seminars. Example of prices £46 for basic colouring/perming £125 for cutting.

ANDREW LOCKYER ACADEMY

63 Paddington Street
London W1
Tel: 020 7187 3938

OPENED in 1983, the Lockyer academy team has formulated a series of courses aimed at creating awareness of the hairdressing craft as a whole and also to encourage self-progression. No more than six students are taken on any one course to keep teaching on a near one-to-one basis. The courses are one and three-day advanced cutting (£60/£150 per person excl. VAT) and a five-day advanced cut and colour (£225). The seminar programme is for groups of more than 15 students and the team will also travel to other salons. The three-hour seminar programme has a strong fashion bias with the team demonstrating four current cuts (£35 per person, excel, VAT): the whole day seminar takes in colour as well and costs £45 per person.

BERNARD'S ACADEMY OF HAIR DESIGN

184 Corporation Street, Birmingham B4
Tel: 021 233 1127

TRAINING programmes concentrate on giving a thorough basic knowledge of hairdressing skills and include the beginner's course (£950): the introductory course (£275): refresher and advanced courses: one on Afro-Caribbean hair (£275): and a day release course at £10 a day.

BRIAN DRUMM

37A George Street, Edinburgh 2
Tel: 031 226 5885

RUNS an intensive one-day seminar in his salon, usually on the last Sunday of the month £45 cost covers demonstration/practical work as well as discussion.

BURLINGTONS

1 Blandford Street London W1
Tel: 020 7935 0140

HOLD a series of observation courses lasting from one-day (£35) to one-week (£150) to give other hairdressers the chance to see how the much-in-demand team works. The team also does in-salon teach-ins and will put on special shows seminars.

CHRISTOPHA SCHOOL OF HAIRDRESSING

123 Queensway, London WC2
Tel: 020 7229 4349

THE 30-week intensive diploma course covers the basics (£1,795) while the workshop - length varies between one to 12 weeks - places the emphasis on creative cutting with some perming colouring taught (£195 to £1,475). Other courses include a one-week creative colouring course (£235) a three-day seminar (maximum of eight students use of video and demonstration to teach latest cutting/colouring/perming techniques (£215) and a creative men's hair cutting course for one or two weeks (£165/£295)

CLAIROL SALON DIVISION

Bristol Myers,
Station Road,
Langlley,
Slough,
Buck
Tel: 75-14266

HOLDS a series of workshops/courses on colouring and perming taking in techniques as well as how to sell these back-up services.

CLIFFORD STAFFORD LONDON HAIRDRESSING CENTRE

7 Pavilion road,
London SW1
Tel: 020 7235 9462

TWO top names in the business - Clifford Stafford, who is known for his elegant sophisticated work - and Joel Vella who has wide salon and teaching experience in Britain and abroad - have just opened a school close to Harrods. The one-month comprehensive course places the emphasis on teaching new techniques and costs £765 incl VAT the two-month refresher course - for newcomers those who feel less than confident about their skills and for those out of touch - costs £1,380 and the three day comprehensive course emphasises cutting and styling techniques (£144). The Clifford Stafford team will also travel to salons to demonstrate their looks and techniques. Price £305 for one day/one instructor. Also offer specialist courses tailored for the individual price depends on what is wanted.

CLIPSO ACADEMY OF HAIRDRESSING

43 Queens Road,
Watford, Herts
Tel: 0923-37003

OFFERS a one-week advanced cutting course and a basic refresher course both costing £125 (plus VAT): a two week advanced cutting course £225 plus VAT (: a one-day business seminar (stock-control, book-keeping organising a salon) for £40 (plus VAT) and a one-day make-up seminar on how to get photographic make-up right) £40 plus VAT) Latter two are on demand.

CLYNOL HAIR

22 Old Bond Street,
London W1
Tel: 020 7499 7538

RUNS courses offering training in colouring permanent techniques. Most last three to four days with prices from between £35 to £55 (incl VAT). The in-depth receptionist skills course cost £60 lasts two days and deals with client services telephone techniques and the importance of accurate paper work. Topics covered include promoting business and managing staff. The course is held on two two-day periods and price is £45 per day or £160 for all four days. The company also holds a specialist course on the financial aspects of running a business. This looks at controlling staff costs, understanding accounts and covers how to measure performance and gives methods of examining why a business is not performing as well as it should. Lasts two days and costs £45. Clynol also holds hair fashion seminars (demonstration of what is new each season) and Corregin seminars (demonstrating the treatment range and what it can do for the salon in extending the range of services offered) at hotels around the country. Prices are £7.50 and £3.50 (incl. VAT/buffet).

COMPLECTIONS INTERNATIONAL LOND SCHOOL OF MAKE-UP

28 Lambs Conduit Street,
London WC1
Tel 020 7242 0779

HAIRDRESSERS who want to offer

Make-up services to their clients should consider one of the shorter courses run by Nadia Brandier. These include the two-week fashion make-up course and the six-week fashion make-up course which incorporates the two-week photographic hair styling course.

COUNTRYHOUSE HAIR AND BEAUTY PRODUCTS

65 Beverley Gardens, Pinkneys Green,
Maidenhead, Berks
Tel: 0628-723766

COURSES held for one and two days are aimed at salon owner/manager. Topics include cost -effective business management, staff training/motivation promoting the salon effectively and running more than one salon profitably. One day - £65 (incl. VAT, lunch). £75 for two days (include accommodation at a good local hotel).

CREATIVE DESIGN INTERNATIONAL

8 Lulketh Street,
Southport, Merseyside
Tel: 0704 46136

FORMER British National Champion David Appleton teamed up with salon owners John and Jennie Winn to open their school in Southport. Full-time beginner's courses go from 30 - 50 weeks. Other courses range from refresher, advanced and colour and perming courses, to junior and `start-right' courses, specially formulated for the employer who wants to bring on a junior as quickly as possible (three days for 10 week/£600. The school also has evening courses, competition and make-up classes, a hair club and sponsored seminars and in-salon training.

CRIMPERS

63-37 Heath Street,
London NW3
Tel: 020 7794 8625

COURSES go from six-month beginner's (£1,495. Incl. VAT), with the emphasis on cutting (but perming/colouring also included), to the observation course, which lasts a minimum of three days and is take by a top stylist.

DANIEL GALVIN

69 George Street,
London W1
Tel: 020 7486 9661

OBSERVATION course for qualified hairdressers in one of London's most advanced colour salons. Price per day - £65.

DAMIEN SEYMOUR AIR SCHOOL

78 Albion Street,
Leeds, East Yorks
Tel: 0532 448551

GOOD range of courses, including the 28-week beginner's (£1,200) and refresher courses, three to eight weeks (£330/£480). Designed for hairdressers with at least three years' experience, the advanced courses last between two days and two weeks (£70/£250). Other courses include basic/advanced colouring/perming and evening classes, held over eight consecutive Mondays, dealing with cutting and blow/drying with colouring courses on request. Fee £88.

DAR

15/17 New Cavendish Street,
London W1
Tel: 020-7487 5477

ONE-DAY hair on video seminar (Sunday or Monday) takes in planning and creating your own video (with professional director and make-up artist) as well as a styling element (£75 excl VAT). Three day intensive training course covers cutting, styling, dressing long hair and colouring and perming (£150 plus VAT).

DAVID MARSHALL SCHOOL OF HAIRDRESSING

6 Dawson Street,
Dublin 2, Eire
Tel: 0001-77 3856

SEVERAL courses at all levels, from a year long diploma course to bring the student up to junior stylist level (IR £3,500), to week-long observation courses (IR £150), and refresher course that can last from one week to four months (price IR £150 per week, with reduction for longer periods). Salon management courses (for owners/senior stylists) includes profitability advertising and public relations (IR £150).

DIANE HAIR INTERNATIONAL

3-4 Sussex Street,
Cambridge
Tel: 0223-68306

EXTENSIVE range of courses that go from beginner's six-months (£2,076. Incl. VAT) to preparing students for the Advanced World Supreme Federation examination. Tuition covers cutting, colouring, perming, tinting, long-hair work and manicures. Unusually the school also teaches competition styling.

DOM MIGELE

200 Colliston Avenue,
Glenrothes, Fife
Tel: 0592-774944

GIVES in-salon seminars in cutting, colouring and perming. Fee £375 (incl. VAT) plus travelling expenses (if applicable).

DAYS INTERNATIONAL TRAINING SYSTEMS

2 Goodrest Cottages,
Priory Road,
Ascot, Berks
Tel: 0344-885688

SCHOOL caters for all levels, with courses running the gamut from beginner's through intermediate to advanced and refresher. Topics covered include precision-cutting as well as how to relate to a client and deal with face-shape, life-style and personality. Prices from £28.75 (incl. VAT) to £1,700 (for 24 weeks).

EBONY SCHOOL OF HAIREDRESSING

435/437 Briston Road,
London SW9
Tel: 020 7274 9621

CURRICULUM covers every aspect of hairdressing with emphasis on Negroid and Asian hair. Basic course (£1,095 incl. VAT) lasts nine months and deals with Caucasian and Negroid hair, the Afro blow and style certificate is for those interested in Afro hair design. Ebony also offers refresher courses.

ECLIPSE HAIRE INNOVATIONS

33 Crawford Place,
London W1
Tel: 020 7724 3301

SERIES of courses designed to give students a solid foundation in all aspects of hairdressing. These go from beginners through to advanced and refresher courses to evening classes (two evenings per week for two weeks). The school also has a one-week academic course that takes in how to organise a photographic session as well as running in-house seminars (at the school or in your salon). Priced from £32.50 (one day, excl VAT).

FRANCO PIZZOLON

12 King Street,
New Walk,
Leicester
Tel: 0533 545411

OFFER three-day advanced and refresher 31 London Road, Sevenoaks her courses mix the practical and theoretical with emphasis on fashion styling. No more than eight people. Fe £60 per day.

GINGER GROUP'S LONDON ACADEMY

436 King's Road
London SW10
Tel: 020 7351 1841

THERE are eight courses held at the Ginger Group's Chelsea school. These are the beginner's 36-week diploma curse (£3,000), the 20-week colouring and perming course, also for beginners (£1,750), the colouring/perming academy course, which can be taken over two to five days and has a high practical content (£250), and the creative academy (£285), finishing £180). I-depth (£450) and comprehensive (£1,500) courses which between them cover all aspects of hairdressing for varying degrees of skill/experience. There is also a specialist course on barbering techniques, which includes tuition on clipper-cutting, scissors-over-comb techniques and how to cut in strong shapes. Price £200.

GRAHAM WEBB

31 London Road,
Sevenoaks, Kent
Tel: 0732 460751

THIRTY-WEEKS beginner's course takes the student u to junior stylist standard (£1,322.50), the advanced refresher courses last between 12 hours (£80) to four weeks (£345), the observation course, held at a Webb salon, covers some tuition in techniques as well as giving students the chance to observe the team at work other courses management training, in-salon teach-ins and beauty therapy training (available as an extension of hairdressing courses and dealing with manicure, pedicure, waxing and mini-facials).

GRUPPO MODAHAIR

22 Park Row,
Leeds
Tel 0532 441562

ESTABLISHED school attracts students from north of England as well as Scotland. Offers comprehensive course at all levels including beginner's advanced men's and ladies and post-graduate and refresher.

HAIR BY JOHN OLIVER

21 Red Lion Street,
Norwich
Tel: 0603 627620

FOUR-DAY advanced cutting/blow-drying course held on two consecutive Mondays and Tuesdays tailored as much as possible to the needs of the individual student. Price £115 incl. VAT.

HARPERS HAIRDRESSING SCHOOL

9 Blandford Street,
Sunderland
Tel: 0783 79300

COURSES available include a 16-week beginner's three and five-day intensive cutting and on longer ones colouring perming and long-hair work. The eight-week introduction course deals with company policy, salon attitudes and hair and scalp analysis. Example of prices - £145 (incl. VAT), for three-day cutting course.

JINGLES INTERNATIONAL

84 Lambs Conduit Street,
London WC1
Tel: 020 7242 5057

THE company has two centres in London both central. At the school courses offered inclusive classes in advance cutting and a one-month comprehensive and two-month refresher as well as evening classes. Specialist courses on colouring and perming long hair (four days) and cutting/styling men's hair are held at the Gloucester Road Academy. Courses at the latter venue include the five-day comprehensive one, which takes in make-up and show planning, as well as cutting. Observation courses and in-salon seminars are also possible. Prices from £40 (one-day) observations) to £1,350 (two-month refresher)

JOSHUA GALVIN

69-71 Park Road,
London NW1
Tel: 020 7724 2341

OBSERVATION course on a day-to-day basis gives an excellent in-sight into how a top London salon functions. Price £60 (plus VAT) per day.

KEITH AHALL ORGANISATION

3 Oxford Street,
Long Eaton,
Nottingham
Tel: 0602 729914

HODS two-day management courses quarterly. Subjects covered include controlling and monitoring staff, planning expansion and costing. Price £125 (plus VAT)

L'OREAL

Technical Centre,
30 Kensington
Church Street London W8
Tel: 020 7937 3205

APART from the extremely comprehensive courses in colouring and perming L'Oreal also offers one on training the trainer, who lasts a day, is aimed at salon owners and managers and advises on how to train and assess staff (£35). The Fashion Focus course is for experienced hairdressers and concentrates on commercial fashion hairdressing and the styling workshops involves some of the top names in the business.

MARC YOUNG INTERNATIONAL

107 Arndale Centre,
Pool, Dorset
Tel: 020 674687

WEEK-END course suits those with experience from third-year apprentice on. Emphasis is on cutting and mixes practice and theory. Price £57.50 incl. VAT.

MARTIN GOLD

30 The Broadway,
Stanmore, Middlesex
Tel 020 8954 0084

ONE of the top names in hairdressing and well-respected both here and abroad (the team has demonstrated their versatility in Europe and the Far East with Martin getting and ovation at the intercoiffure congress in Paris). The team is available for one-day (or longer) in-salon teach-ins and will demonstrate the latest cutting techniques as well as how to dress high-fashion looks. A colour technician can be included at no extra cost. Price from £250 a day (instructor and assistant) with discount for longer bookings.

MICOLBIOSTHETICS

Caxton Road,
St Ives Industrial Estate,
St Ives
Cambridgeshire
Tel 0480 64519

ONE-DAY seminars aimed at biostheticians are held at different venues throughout the year and cover hair, skin and make-up.

MIGEE ACADAMY OF HAIR DESIGN

15 Linthorpe Road,
Middlesborough,
Cleveland
Tel: 0642 222875

TUITION is given to small groups of students so personal needs are catered for. Courses include a beginner's diploma (all aspects of hairdressing £1,150 incl. VAT), refresher from 25 hours £50 incl. VAT) to 100 hours (£155.25 incl. VAT) two-day styling (£96) and one on salon theory for those who feel they need the theory to back their practical work (£345 incl. VAT)

MONFIBRE

73A Rylett Crescent,
London W12
Tel: 020 7743 7377

HOLD Sunday sessions every two weeks for half a day hair extension techniques for no more than three people. Supervised by talented teachers from the Antenna team (who publicised and popularised the fashion). Price £195 plus VAT

MORRIS MASTERCLASS

247 Tottenham Court Road
London W1
Tel: 020 7637 1633

AMONG the oldest-established and most reputable schools in the country. Morris Masterclass offers an extensive range of courses - from beginner level through intermediate to advanced. Specialist courses include those on trichology and Afro West Indian hair, as well as ones on cutting, colouring, perming, setting and dressing-out. Example of price £110 (one-week trichology).

MR BAMBER SCHOOL OF HAIRDRESSING

23 Lychgate Centre,
High Street,
Worcester
Tel: 0905 20944

BEGINNERS course covers all aspects of hairdressing with students going on colouring perming courses organised by L'Oreal and Wella. Other courses include the eight-week intermediate course and the advanced one. Sample price £115 plus VAT for one week.

NORMAN HODGE ADVANCED CUTTING SCHOOL

13-15 Dampiet Street,
Bridgwater,
Somerset
Tel: 0278 455363

DOWN in the West country, well-known hairdresser Norman Hodge runs a four day cutting course for hairdressers with at least six years experience. Price £300 incl. VAT.

NORTHAMPTON SCHOOL OF HAIRDRESSING

5 The Drapery,
Northampton
Tel: 0604 24101

CATERS for a wide range of experience - from novice to experienced stylist. Courses last from two days (refresher) to six months (beginners) with prices from £65 to £1,295. Those interested in the latest looks could consider the high fashion course which lasts two days and costs £85.

PETER COLLINGE/THATCHERS HAIR STUDY CENTRE

Market Way, St John's Precinct
Liverpool
Tel: 051 709 4848

THE team will visit your salon and demonstrate the latest looks. Work is a mixture of tuition and practical. Prices on application.

PIERRE ALEXANDRE ACADEMY

42A King Street West,
Manchester
Tel: 061 835 1177

FIVE types of courses. The six-month gilt-edge beginner's course incorporates all aspects of cutting colouring perming theory on the science of hair as well as sales motivation and business talks (£2,070). Refresher courses - from two weeks to three months (£322-£1,150) the advanced courses last between three and five days (£172.50 to £201.25) and cover futuristic cutting techniques and fashions with a strong emphasis on colouring. The popular one-day (Monday) workshop includes demonstration and practical work £57.50) and the Monday (six) evening course is for the stylist who wants to keep in touch with current styles on a regular basis (£143.75)

RAINBOW ROOM EDUCATION

15 Royal Exchange Square
GLASGOW G1
Tel: 041 2263451

WITH the right education you can be motivated to new heights in your profession believes Alan Stewart of Rainbow Room. The courses are designed for people with at least three years experience and last between one day £50 plus VAT) and two weeks (£350 plus VAT). Topics include commercial cutting techniques high fashion colouring perming and creative design.

RAYMOND HAIR ACADAMY

Raymond House,
25 Corporation Street
Birmingham,
Tel: 020 643 4333

COURSES go from two weeks to a year with the short-term ones designed for qualified hairdressers. On the longer courses, topics covered include salon cleanliness and health and safety in the salon as well as shampooing cutting perming and colouring. Sample of price £110.40 (two weeks).

REGENCY INTERNATIONAL

90 Preston Street,
Brighton
Tel: 0273 72400

COURSES available from two days to six months and cover cutting colouring perming and long hair as well as marketing and management. Six-month course costs £990 incl. VAT.

REMY

84-86 Upper Parliament Street
Nottingham
Tel: 0602 412378

COURSE emphasis is on how to incorporate colouring and perming to get the most by the Remy organisation. These are taken by the able David Capaldi. In-salon tuition is also available at a cost of £75 per day plus expenses.

ROBERT FIELDING OF REGENT STREET SCHOOL OF HAIRDRESSING

36 Dean Street
London W1
Tel: 020 7439 7956

THE school is in central London and has well-equipped spacious premises. Beginner's and refresher classes are offered with the former lasting six (£1,695) and seven months (£1,950) refresher courses go from two weeks (£335) to three months (12 weeks £895). Prices are inclusive of VAT, with equipment supplied in the beginner's courses. All aspects of hairdressing are thoroughly covered during both practical and theoretical sessions. The school also hold what it terms progressives courses. These aim to give the student the best up-to-date knowledge and the ability to instil a high degree of motivation within his/her salon environment. The courses last between one to 12 weeks (£225-£895) and are aimed at anyone with a World Federation basic diploma or with at least three years experience. Topics covered include slide cutting double base lines, curved graduation in cutting techniques, as well as sales techniques.

ROGER MOORE HAIR DESIGN STUDIO

24 Westover Road,
Bournemouth
Tel: 0202 28336

THE foundation course (26 weeks) covers the basics and costs £900 plus VAT. There are three three-day specialist courses on cutting/fashion plus two-day courses on perming and colouring. Prices £40 to £60.

SANRIZZ

31 Brook Street,
London W1
Tel: 020 7629 2427

HAS a comprehensive selection of courses which includes a nine-month diploma course three-day advanced one-week intensive and a specialised one-week course for salon owners that takes in photographic and show work. Finishing course is flexible - length can be anything from two weeks to three months. The Sanrizz team is also available for in-house seminars (fee negotiable). Sample of prices is £175 incl. VAT for the three-day advanced course.

SCHWARZKOPF

Penn Road,
Aylesbury,
Bucks
Tel: 0296 88101

COURSES offered at the company's Bond Street studio are colouring (£55) perming (£45) and A Day With a well-known guest stylist, during which those attending learn how to cut and dress the latest fashions (£40). Prices include lunch and VAT. In the colouring and perming courses topics covered include hair structure, chemistry of colouring and colour diagnosis, modern winding techniques and an introduction to Schwarzkopf products.

SHAGGERS

239 Two Mile Hill,
Kingswood
Bristol
Tel: 0272 613157

SEMINARS held on Mondays are intermediate and advanced levels with morning demonstration followed by afternoon practical work. Covers cutting with some perming/colouring. Price £28.75 incl. VAT.

SHERMAN PERU

1 Picton Place
London W1
Tel O20 7486 2531

THE team gives in-salon seminars, travelling throughout the country, demonstrating their particular brand of hairdressing.

SKOLARS HAIRDRESSING SCHOOL

37 Thomas Street,
Limerick,
Eire
Tel: 010353 61 42525

BEGINNER 28-week World Federation course costs IR£1,800 one-week cutting course IR£125 and the 10-week post-graduate course IR£650.

SOUTHERN SCHOOL OF HAIRDRESSING

136-137 London Road,
Brighton
Tel: 0273 681500

TECHNIQUES taught on the basic eight-month course include cutting blow drying and setting. School also runs refresher and assistant courses from one to 13 weeks as well as courses for apprentices, both full and part-time. Prices from £55.20.

STEVIE BUCKLE PHOTO SUNDAY SCHOOL

60 Lower Sloane Street,
London SW1
Tel: 020 7730 8938

MOST hairdressers are one-man/woman bands who cannot afford photographic shoots and either have to work through a product company or produce their own photographs. But few have any idea of how to go about doing this says Stevie Buckle. His idea is to show hairdressers how to take head-and-shoulder portraits with a good 35mm camera and a small amount of equipment. Content on the one-day course (£86.09 excl VAT) includes advice on selecting a model, buying the right equipment how to choose clothes jewellery, advice on make-up, writing captions and send off the photographs to magazines. A 40-page manual offering guide lines is also given to participants.

SUPREME SCHOOL OF HAIR DESIGN

12 West Green Road,
Tottenham,
London N15
Tel: 020 77459

COURSES for beginner, intermediate and advanced levels are a mixture of Afro and European hair work and includes reaching cutting and styling as well as perming and long-hair design. Specialist courses involve tutorial on Afro hair work and men's cutting and styling. Price from £150.

SYNDICATE HAIR STUDIO

10 Peel Parade,
Barnsley,
South Yorks
Tel: 0226 291191

RUN jointly by two groups of hair salons - Dimensions and Reality - courses include six-months beginners, four-day intensive and seven consecutive Monday evening classes (£75 incl. VAT). A three-day chemistry course providing technical information on the use of chemicals and in-salon tuition are also available.

THE GRADUTATION ACADEMY

52/64 Union Street,
Glasgow G1
Tel: 041 248 6766

OFFER a 1,000-hour beginner's course for those with no experience, a four-day basic/progressive cutting course, a creative/advanced cutting course (four days) evening classes in cutting (one night a week for four weeks and four-day basic colouring courses as well as evening classes in colouring techniques. Other courses include one-day seminars both at the academy and in your own salon (on Sundays) and demonstration seminars by guest artists from leading UK salons. Prices from £40 (evening classes) to £1,500 (beginners).

3-6-5 DAY HAIRDRESSING

Vine Tree House,
Backstreet,
Wendover, Bucks
Tel: 0296 625454

THE groups run a series of one-day educational seminars as an introduction to how the organisation operates. Emphasis is on building a better business through more effectively and attracting and retaining new clients. Those interested have to become members of the organisation.

TONI & GUY ACADEMY OF ADVANCED HAIRDRESSING

33 St Christopher's Place,
London W1
Tel: 020 7486 4733

AS the name implies courses are aimed at hairdressers with at least three years experience and are a mixture of practical demonstration and workshop with the emphasis on commercial fashions and adapting styles to suit the individual client. Courses last between one day (£70 plus VAT) and two weeks (£395 plus VAT). Private in-salon seminars are also given by the Toni & Guy education team, price negotiable.

VAN STRATEN

1 St James's Street,
Brighton
Tel: 0273 681929

THE established and respected school on the South Coast offers a two-day course on back-combing and dressing out techniques (£60) a week-long advanced cutting/blow-drying course (£175) a two-month refresher course (£395) and a 6½-months beginner's diploma course (£995). It has also started a course-month introduction to hairdressing course (this can also be regarded as a prolonged refresher course), with the emphasis on the practical with some theory. Price £695.

VIDAL SASSOON

56/58 Davies Mews,
London W1
Tel: 020 7629 5686

THE name is known the world over for in innovative hair designing. At the London school and academy, courses on offer go from those for beginners (in which all aspects of hairdressing are covered) to those for experienced hairdressers who want to learn cutting colouring and perming techniques with top Sassoon creative directors. To cater for the growing demands in men's hairdressing. Sassoon has structured a five-day men's creative cutting course. Prices go from £195 (one-week refresher) to £3,500 (36 week beginner's diploma) and incl. VAT. Similar courses are available at the Vidal Sassoon Academy 12222 Santa Monica Mall, Santa Monica, California 90401 9990.

WELLA (GB)

Wella Road,
Basingstoke,
Hants
Tel: 0256 20202

MOST of the courses are held at the central and well-equipped studio in London's Euston Road. The company offers a wide selection of courses in perming and colouring (both basic and advanced) as well as Teamwork styling seminars - staff trainer's course (for those responsible for education and motivating staff), seminars on putting on a show and on photographic work; and personalised salon tuition, when Wella's colouring/perming technicians visit individual salons to demonstrate new products. Example of prices are £20 incl. VAT, for the `Putting on a Show' seminar, £35 for the two-day creative perming course; £50 for the four-day advanced colouring course, £45 for the image-makers seminars; and £125 for the four-day staff trainer's course.

WEST OF ENGLAND COLLEGE

15/16 Broad Street,
Bath
Tel: 0225 60587

OFFERS courses from the basic 26-week to those dealing with cutting and blow-drying colouring and refresher. Also do YTS and beauty diploma course. Prices from £500

Appendix 2 - Hairdressers Calendar of Events

JULY 26 - Clairol colour workshop, Haselocks, Swansea

JULY 28 - Trevor Sorbie cutting seminar, Salon Services Glasgow

JULY 28 - Redken designer image. Novotel, Plymouth (Redken, 44 Barton Road Bletchley)

JULY 29 - Redken total image. Novotel Plymouth (Redken, 44 Barton Road Bletchley)

JULY 29 - Clairol colour workshop, Salon Services Glasgow

JULY 29 - Original Additions course, Hailliwells, Bournemouth

JULY 31 - Celia Hunter make-up demo for the General Association of Ladies' Hair

dressers. L'Oreal Technical Centre London W8 (Mr A Wilson 5 Garrick court Garrick London NW4)

AUG 5-6 - Original Additions course. Solent Beauty Suppliers.

AUG 12 - Original Additions course. Capital Supplies Kingston-upon-Thames

AUG 12 - L'Oreal perm seminar, Haselock, Gloucester.

AUG 12 - Redken designer image, King Robert Hotel, Stirling (Redken, 44 Barton Road, Bletchley).

AUG 12 - Goldwell workshop, Salon Services Belfast

AUG 12 - Clynol selling seminar, Salon Services, Glasgow

AUG 30 - SEPT 9 - National Hair Week - the annual business promotion for stylists, salons suppliers and associations. Co-ordinated by H J a major all craft effort to bring more clients into the salons (Shelagh Dixon, H J Press Office, Surrey House, Sutton, Surrey)

SEPT 1 - Trevor Sorbie seminar, Salon Service, Belfast

SEPT 2 - London Hair Fashion Group technical evening. Shampoo, Bernard St, WC1

(Mr D Levinson, 248 Upper St. London N1.)

SEPT 2 - Clynol management course. Henry VIII Hotel, London (Clynol, Penn Rd. Aylesbury.)

SEPT 2 - Richard King workshop Haselocks, Gloucester

SEPT 2-3 - Original Additions course, Barkers, Norwich

SEPT 2-3 - Wella course, Adel Sheffield.

SEPT 3 - Cambridge NHF workshop and show, University Arms Hotel (Diane Jeffrey,

3-3 Sussex St. Cambridge.)

SEPT 3 - Benevolent committee meeting. L'Oreal London W8 (Mr C Wright, Saxons, West Harling Rd. East Harling, Norfolk.)

SEPT 9-10 - Original Additions course, Salon Services, Aberdeen

SEPT 9 - Partners cutting seminar, Haselocks, Gloucester.

SEPT 9 - Redken total image, King Robert Hotel. Stirling. (Redken, 44 Barton Rd. Bletchley.)

SEPT 3 - Clynol management course, Henry VIII Hotel. London (Clynol, Penn Rd, Aylesbury.)

SEPT 9 - Kadus advanced per seminar, Haselocks, Hereford

SEPT 9 - Goldwell workshop, Salong Services, Belfast.

SEPT 9-10 - Original Additions course, Salon Services, Aberdeen.

SEPT 10-13 - International aerosol exhibition and congress, Lugano, Switzerland, (International Aerosol Association. Waisenhaausstrasse 2. CH-8001, Zurich).

SEPT 15-16 - Redken seminar, Dragonara Hotel, Leeds, (Wardmans, Leeds).

SEPT 15-16 - International Hair & Beauty Festival, Pennsylvania Hall, Philadelphia (Suite 17, 1530 Locust St. Philadelphia.)

SEPT 16 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat, Nobles, Sheffield (L'Oreal, LCT 30 Kensington Church St, London W8)

SEPT 16 - Clynol permcourse. Adel, Sheffield

SEPT17 - Wella colour course. Adel, Sheffield

WEPT 17 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Ritz Manchester (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. LondonW8)

SEPT 17 - Clynol management course, Henry VIII Hotel, London (Clynol, Penn Rd. Aylesbury)

SEPT 18 - Clynol management course, Henry VIII Hotel, London (Clynol Penn Rd. Aylesbury).

SEPT18 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. New Grafton Rooms. Liverpool (L'Oreal LCT, 30 Kensington Church St. London W8).

SEPT 22 - Halifax NHF contests. Percival Whitley College (Mrs S Vaughan Salon Squire Town Hall Buildings, Elland, Yorks)

SEPT 23 - Zotos perm workshop Haselocks, Gloucester

SEPT 23 - Schwarzkopf colour course, Adel, Sheffield.

SEPT 24 - Kadus fashion perm course, Adel, Sheffield

SEPT 25 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Mayfield Leisure Centre, Belfast (L'Oreal LCT, 30 Kensington Church T. London W8)

SEPT 25 - Stephen Way demo for General Association of Ladies Hairdressers, L'Oreal Technical Centre London W8 (Mr A Wilson, 5 Garrick Court, Garrick Drive, London NW4).

SEPT 26 - Original Additions course. Alan Howard Stockport.

SEPT 28-30 Salon International 85. Earls Court, London (Exhibitions Manager, Salon International. Reed Exhibitions, Surrey House. Throwley Way, Sutton, Surrey.)

SEPT 30 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Cinatras Croydon (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London (W))

SEPT 30 - Clynol colour course, Adel, Sheffield

SEPT 30 Oct - Original Additions course, Haselocks, Wallsall

OCT 1 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Palais Nottingham (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8)

OCT 2 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Norwood Rooms Norwich. (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 6-7 - Jingles cutting seminar, Haselocks Hereford

OCT 6-7 - Mondiale Coiffure Beauty. Palais des congres. Paris (17 Rue Notre Dame des Victoires. Paris.)

OCT 7 - Clynol management course. Greswolde Arms, Knowle (Clynol Penn Rd.. Aylesbury.)

OCT 7 L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Academy, Plymouth (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 7 - Original Additions course. Graham Products, Seaton Delaval

OCT 7-8 - Jane Leila cutting course, Adel Sheffield

OCT 8 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat, Tower Ballroom, Birmingham (L'Oreal, LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 9 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat, Mayfair Swansea (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 10 - Original Additions course, Alan Howard, Stockport.

OCT 12-14 - Wella national golf tournament final, Moat House Hotel, Bar Hill, Cambs (Wella, Wella Road, Basingstoke.)

OCT 13 - Border NHF Championships, Crown and Mitre Carlisle (Mrs C Brierley, 94 Hebden Ave. Keld Park. Carlisle.)

OCT 13 - York NHF contests, Viking Hotel, (Mr D Healey, 14 Gillygate, York).

OCT 13 - Sunderland NHF Artistic Group contests. Seaburn Hotel, (Mr E Gray 35 Ryhope St. Ryhope, Sunderland.)

OCT 13-14- Journess d'Automne. Parc des Expositions Brussels (Journeees d'Automne. Rue Linne 44 1030 Brussels.)

OCT 14 - Fellowship Golfing Society meeting. Tandridge (Mr V Forsdick

132 The Grove, West Wickham, Kent.)

OCT 14 - Merseyside NHF contests. Mr Pickwick's Liverpool (Mrs M Penkman, 5 Myers Road West Crosby, Liverpool.)

OCT 14 - London Hair Fashion Group workshop. Shampoo Bernard St. WC1

(Mr D Levinson 148 Upper St. London N1.)

OCT 14 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Zanzibar Glasgow (Lo'Oreal ICT

30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 14 - Clynol management course, Greswolde Arms, Knowle (Clynol,

Penn Rd. Aylesbury.)

OCT 14-15 - L'Oreal colour course, Adel Sheffield

Oct 15 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Coatham Bow Redcar (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 215 - Clynol managsment course, Greswolde Arms Knowle (Clynol. Penn Rd, Aylesbury.)

OCT 16 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Mayfair Newcastle upon Tyne (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 20 - NHF Eastern Counties and Ipswich contests, Moat House Hotel (Mrs P Gillings, 1 Hamilton Rd. Felixstowe.)

OCT 20 - Stoke NHF Festival, Clayton Lodge Hotel (Christine Powell, 23 Moreland Road, Burslem)

OCT 20 - Peterborough Guild contests (Mrs S Codling, 14 Pinchbeck Rd, Spalding.)

OCT 20-21 - Redken seminar, Copthorne Hotel Crawley (Plummer, Portsmouth.)

OCT 21 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Hammersmith Palais, London (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 22 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Mayfair Suite, Southampton. (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 23 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy heat. Top Rank, Brighton (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

OCT 23 - Queen make-up course, Adel, Sheffield.

OCT 27 - L'Oreal-Kenneth Arthur cut and colour demo, Salon Services, Aberdeen

OCT 27 - Somerset NHF contests, County Hotel, Taunton. (Mr W Stamp, 67 Hill Barton Rd. Exeter.)

OCT 27-28 - Geoff Smith cutting seminar, Haselocks, Hereford.

OCT 28 - Goldwell perm course. Adel, Sheffield.

OCT 30 - Vidal Sassoon demo for General Association of Ladies' Hairdressers. L'Oreal Technical Centre London W8 (Mr A Wilson. 5 Garrick Court, Garrick Drive, London NW4..)

NOV 3-4 - Jingles cutting seminar. Haselocks Gloucester.

NOV 3-4 - Inter Salon 85, Marriot Hotel, New York (Cliff Cothren 100 Part Ave, Suite 1000, New York City

NOV 4 Goldwell workshop. Salon Services, Belfast.

NOV 4 - Clairol colour workshop. Haselocks, Swansea

NOV 4 - L'Oreal Colour Trophy Final, Royal Albert Hall London (L'Oreal LCT 30 Kensington Church St. London W8.)

NOV 4 - L'Oreal demo to London Hair Fashion Group. L'Oreal London. (Mr D Levinson 148 Upper St. London N1.)

NOV 4 - Vidal Sassoon Seminar. Adel Sheffield.

NOV 5 - Tresemme perm course. Adel Sheffield

NOV 10 - Solent NHF Southern area contests. Guildhall Southampton

(Mrs A Nicholls 134 Leigh Rd. Eastleigh.)

NOV 11 - Hull NHF festival. Plaza Suite (Mr B England 231 Hull Rd, Anlaby Common, Hull.)

NOV 11 - Birmingham NHF contests. Tower Ballroom (Mr A L Miles, 42 Harts Green Rd, Harbourne, Birmingham.)

NOV 12 - Clynol colour course. Adel Sheffield

NOV 18 - British Hairdressers' Awards Presentations, London Hilton ("Hair & Beauty, Room 1506, Quadrant House, The Quadrant, Sutton, Surrey.)

NOV 18 - London Hair Fashions Regent Crest Hotel, London. (Mr D Levinson 248 Upper St. London N1.)

NOV 23-24 - Hungarian International hair and beauty contests. Sports Hall. Budapest (Magyar Fodrasz Koz Metikus Egyesulet, 1065 Budapest, Nagymezo U38.)

NOV 25 - GALH Trophy and Teenager's Trophy events, Waldorf Hotel, London (Mr A Wilson, 5 Garrick Court, Garrick Drive, London NW4.)

NOV 25 - TCB afro seminar, Adel, Sheffield.

DEC 11 - Comby demo-wine and cheese party for General Association of Ladies' Hairdressers. L'Oreal Technical Centre London W8 (Mr A Wilson, 5 Garrick Court, Garrick Drive, London NW4.)

1986

APR 14-15 - International Expo 86, Tokyo Diaji Kuroda Suite 616, 5-5-4 Shimbashi, Minato-Ku. Tokyo

Inland Revenue February 1987